(i) The flightless birds are ostrich, rhea, kiwi, penguin,
cassowary, emu, and Island rail.
(ii) (a) Ostrich (Struthio) is the largest living flightless
bird also called as Shutarmurg (in Hindi). It has
largest eyes of any land animal. It swallows small
stones to aid their digestion of vegetable matter.
It can run at the speed to 60 km/hr. Ostrich lays
the largest egg produced by any living bird. It is
commonly found in deserts of Africa and Arabia.
(b) Rhea is smaller than ostrich but similar to it in
many habits. Its head and neck are feathered not
naked as in ostrich. It is found in South America.
(c) Emu (Dromaius) is the second largest living bird
It is confined to Australia.
(d) Kiwi (Apteryx) has most sensitive beak among
birds.’lt can detect worms in the ground. It lays
largest egg in proportion to its own size. It is the
New Zealand’s Emblem bird.
(iii) Extinct flightless birds are
(a) Dodo of Mauritius became extinct in 1681.
(b) Moais of New Zealand.